LL-37

Also known as: Cathelicidin, hCAP18

An antimicrobial peptide with wound healing and immunomodulatory properties.

Overview

LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, derived from the C-terminus of hCAP18. It has broad antimicrobial activity and important roles in wound healing and immune regulation.

Mechanism of Action

Disrupts bacterial membranes through electrostatic interactions. Promotes wound healing by stimulating angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, and growth factor release. Modulates immune response.

Pharmacokinetics

Local activity at wound sites. Susceptible to proteolytic degradation in serum.

Dosing Protocols

Note: These are research protocols from literature. This is not medical advice.

1

Wound Healing

Dose

100-200 mcg

Frequency

Once daily

Duration

2-4 weeks

Local application or injection near wound

Stacking Recommendations

Peptides that may be combined based on complementary mechanisms in research settings.

Rationale: Wound healing support

Synergy: Antimicrobial protection plus tissue repair

Rationale: Skin regeneration

Synergy: Enhanced dermal healing

Research Areas

Wound HealingAntimicrobial DefenseImmunomodulationSkin Health

Key Research Findings

  • 1Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity including antibiotic-resistant bacteria
  • 2Enhanced wound closure in diabetic ulcer models
  • 3Angiogenesis promotion and tissue regeneration
  • 4Immunomodulatory effects in inflammatory conditions

Side Effects & Contraindications

Reported Side Effects

  • Local irritation
  • Redness at application site

Contraindications

  • Known hypersensitivity

Safety Considerations

Generally well-tolerated topically. Systemic use data limited.

Storage Requirements

Store at -20C. Protect from light.

Scientific References

Quick Reference

Sequence
LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES
Molecular Weight
4493 g/mol
Half-Life
Short (minutes in serum)
Bioavailability
Best for topical/local use
Research Stage
clinical phase 2
Administration
Topical or subcutaneous