Vitamin B12
Also known as: Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, B12
An essential vitamin for energy, nerve function, and red blood cell production.
Overview
Vitamin B12 is an essential water-soluble vitamin crucial for nerve function, red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and energy metabolism. Deficiency is common, especially in older adults and vegetarians. Injectable forms bypass absorption issues for those with deficiency.
Mechanism of Action
Acts as cofactor for methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Essential for DNA synthesis, myelin formation, and homocysteine metabolism. Required for red blood cell maturation.
Pharmacokinetics
Oral absorption requires intrinsic factor. IM/SubQ provides direct delivery. Stored in liver for years. Half-life ~6 days.
Dosing Protocols
Note: These are research protocols from literature. This is not medical advice.
Deficiency Treatment
1000 mcg
Daily for 1 week, then weekly
Until replete
IM or SubQ
Maintenance
1000-2500 mcg
Weekly to monthly
Ongoing
Or daily sublingual
Energy Support
1000-5000 mcg
Weekly
Ongoing
Often combined with MIC
Stacking Recommendations
Peptides that may be combined based on complementary mechanisms in research settings.
Research Areas
Key Research Findings
- 1Essential for neurological function
- 2Deficiency causes anemia and neuropathy
- 3Injectable form bypasses absorption issues
- 4Supports energy and mental clarity
Side Effects & Contraindications
Reported Side Effects
- Injection site pain
- Rare allergic reaction
- Acne (high doses)
Contraindications
- Leber's optic atrophy
- Cobalt hypersensitivity
Safety Considerations
Very safe even at high doses (water-soluble). Rare allergic reactions to injectable. Monitor potassium with severe deficiency treatment.
Storage Requirements
Room temperature, protect from light
Scientific References
- 1