Orexin-A
Also known as: Hypocretin-1, OXA
A neuropeptide regulating wakefulness, appetite, and reward.
Overview
Orexin-A is a 33 amino acid neuropeptide produced by hypothalamic neurons. It plays crucial roles in wakefulness, energy homeostasis, and reward processing. Orexin deficiency causes narcolepsy.
Mechanism of Action
Binds OX1R and OX2R receptors to promote wakefulness and arousal. Regulates sleep-wake transitions, feeding behavior, and reward circuitry. Stabilizes wake states.
Pharmacokinetics
Does not readily cross BBB; intranasal administration preferred for CNS effects. Endogenous levels fluctuate with circadian rhythm.
Dosing Protocols
Note: These are research protocols from literature. This is not medical advice.
Alertness
30-100 mcg
Morning
As needed
Intranasal administration
Stacking Recommendations
Peptides that may be combined based on complementary mechanisms in research settings.
Research Areas
Key Research Findings
- 1Orexin replacement improves narcolepsy symptoms
- 2Enhanced cognitive performance and alertness
- 3Intranasal delivery shows CNS effects in humans
- 4Stabilizes sleep architecture
Side Effects & Contraindications
Reported Side Effects
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Increased appetite
Contraindications
- Anxiety disorders
- Insomnia
Safety Considerations
May cause anxiety or insomnia at high doses. Avoid evening administration.
Storage Requirements
Store at -20C. Protect from light.
Scientific References
- 1