L-Carnitine
Also known as: Carnitine, Levocarnitine, ALCAR, Acetyl-L-Carnitine
An amino acid derivative essential for fatty acid transport and energy metabolism.
Overview
L-Carnitine is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative crucial for transporting long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for beta-oxidation. While not technically a peptide, it is included due to its widespread use in metabolic and performance protocols. It supports fat metabolism, exercise performance, and cognitive function (as Acetyl-L-Carnitine).
Mechanism of Action
Transports long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane via the carnitine shuttle. Essential for beta-oxidation and energy production from fats. Acetyl form crosses BBB and supports acetylcholine synthesis.
Pharmacokinetics
Oral bioavailability 15-25%. Injectable form 100%. Half-life 2-15 hours depending on form.
Dosing Protocols
Note: These are research protocols from literature. This is not medical advice.
Fat Loss (Injectable)
500-1000 mg
Daily
8-12 weeks
Injectable avoids GI conversion
Cognitive (ALCAR oral)
500-2000 mg
Daily
Ongoing
Acetyl form for brain effects
Performance (Oral)
2-4 g
Pre-workout
Ongoing
Take with carbs for uptake
Stacking Recommendations
Peptides that may be combined based on complementary mechanisms in research settings.
Research Areas
Key Research Findings
- 1Enhances fatty acid oxidation
- 2May improve exercise recovery
- 3ALCAR supports cognitive function
- 4Benefits for male fertility (sperm motility)
Side Effects & Contraindications
Reported Side Effects
- Fishy body odor
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Increased TMAO (oral)
Contraindications
- Seizure disorders (high doses)
- Hypothyroidism (may interfere)
Safety Considerations
Generally safe. Oral doses can cause fishy odor. High doses may increase TMAO. Injectable form avoids GI conversion issues.
Storage Requirements
Room temperature (oral), refrigerate injectable
Scientific References
- 1